Hair of the Bugbear: A Look at Goblinoid Evolution

In this post I’ll be discussing a group of monstrous humanoids that seem to comprise a taxon of some sort: the goblinoids. The goblinoids consist of the following members: goblins (obviously), hobgoblins, and bugbears. I’ll be considering the likely relationship between these creatures and what sorts of selective pressures might have produced the mixture of […]

What Really Is A Species?: The Biology of Half-Elves And Half-Orcs

In this post I want to cover half-elves and half-orcs, because I think they showcase an important question in biology. Namely, “what is a species?”. The existence of both races implies that successful interbreeding between humans and orcs and humans and elves is possible. What is less clear is whether half-orcs and half-elves are themselves […]

Lizard Geniuses: Brain Expansion In The Dragonborn Lineage

In an earlier post I described what I think is a plausible scenario for the evolution of bipedalism in the dragonborn lineage. In that post I argued the locomotor similarities between dragonborn and humans is likely a results of a process called convergent evolution. To briefly reiterate, convergent evolution produces similar structures and adaptations to […]

Born To Run (On Two Legs): Dragonborn Evolution And The Origins Of Bipedalism

The D&D race that I’ll be covering in this post is the dragonborn. These bizarre humanoids are a blending of reptile and human traits. Among other things, they are covered in scales instead of skin or hair, they have large jaws full of sharp conical teeth, and clawed hands and feet. Alternately, they are cultural […]

When Bigger Isn’t Better: Insular Dwarfism And The Strange Tale Of Halfling Evolution

The D&D race that I will be looking at in this article is halflings. Halflings are small in stature – roughly the size of a human child. And unlike dwarves, halflings are not only shorter than humans, but considerably lighter as well. They live mostly in small tightly-knit agricultural communities. While most halflings tend to […]

The Dwarves of Paleolithic Eurasia: What The Neanderthals Can Tell Us About Dwarven Evolution

The fantasy race that I will be exploring in this post is the dwarves. Dwarves are a short, hardy, and (usually) heavily bearded people. They are resistant to toxins, including alcohol, of which they seem to be very fond, and can see exceptionally well in the dark. They have large projecting faces with robust features […]

Taken to Tusk: Sexual Selection and the Sociobiology of the Orcs

The fantasy race that want to tackle in this article is orcs.  Orcs are a perennial bane of low-level adventuring parties. They are immensely strong and physically tough. Culturally, they are brutish and cruel. Their social systems are flexible complex and often involve briefly forming into large bands under a strong leader. The eventual failure […]